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The largest peacetime administrative and statistical exercise on earth.
Key legal and operational characteristics established by Indian law.
Conducted under Entry 69 of the Union List (Seventh Schedule) of the Constitution of India and the Census Act, 1948.
Carried out every 10 years by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India (ORGI), Ministry of Home Affairs.
Enumerates every person residing within the territorial jurisdiction of India at a specific reference moment.
Based strictly on self-declaration. No certificates, identity proofs, or documents are required at the doorstep.
The Census provides the primary data source on the population and socio-economic conditions of India. It forms the benchmark for government planning, delimitation of constituencies, allocation of central funds, and planning of schools, hospitals, and public transportation.